In the realm of genetic defects, Polydactyly and Macrodactyly are two congenital foot conditions that uncommonly affect infants. While they may impact toe formation differently, they have a variety of similarities from developmental impact to treatment.
In this article, we at Your Next Step will detail both conditions, especially for those parents affected by them.
Polydactyly
Polydactyly is a congenital condition where a child is born with more than five fingers or toes on one or both feet. The extra toes can be fully formed or just a small stump of skin with no bone present.
The most common type of polydactyly is postaxial polydactyly, where the extra digit is located on the pinky side of the hand or foot. There is also the less common preaxial polydactyly, which appears on the side of the big toe.
Macrodactyly
Macrodactyly is a condition where one or more fingers or toes are abnormally large. Most commonly, it can affect the entire digit, also known as simple macrodactyly. Rarely, we see segmental macrodactyly, which affects only a portion of the digit.
Symptoms and Treatment
Symptoms of polydactyly and macrodactyly are apparent at birth, but sometimes, both conditions can be symptomatic of syndromes caused by chromosomal disorders that are less noticeable.
Treatment options depend on the severity of the condition and the child’s overall health. In some cases, the extra toes may be removed surgically, or the enlarged toe may be reduced in size.
If the toes are functional and do not cause problems, they may be left intact. Early intervention is practical, however, as it prevents the digits from interfering with life. Surgery typically takes place between 1 and 2 years old, or before your child begins to walk.
Impact on Child Development
Both polydactyly and macrodactyly can complicate a child’s long-term development, with coordination, participation in athletics, and self-esteem being the main factors. However, affected children can lead normal, active lives with proper care and support.
Regular follow-up with a pediatrician and podiatrist is crucial to monitor the condition and address any potential complications.
Dr. Eric Ricefield, Dr. Mark Yagodich, Dr. Aliza V. Eisen, and Dr. Cassandra Stache are ready to help with all your foot care needs. Schedule your appointment and contact us today!